Khan Noonien Singh was a genetically-bred "superman" of Earth's India in the late 20th century. Rising to power among others of his kind, his ambition helped further the Eugenics Wars, which involved much of Earth's Third World.
Finally facing defeat, he and dozens of followers escaped in the S.S. Botany Bay, a DY-100 vessel modified as a sleeper ship.
The Botany Bay drifted through intersteller space for over two centuries, until 2267, when it was discovered by the U.S.S. Enterprise.

"To the last I grapple with thee. From hell's heart I stab at thee. For hate's sake, I spit my last breath at thee."